📏 计量学工具

🛡️ B 类不确定度Type B Uncertainty 输入由校准证书、手册或经验给出的半宽 a 与包含因子 k，按 u_B = a / k 计算 B 类标准不确定度（非统计评定）。用于无重复数据时依据先验信息评定不确定度分量。Type B Uncertainty - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Metrology tools. #️⃣ ±半分度值Least Count Error 分度值误差计算器按读数规则估算 ±半分度值引入的读数误差，适合游标、千分尺等器具的误差评估与不确定度分析。Least Count Error - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Metrology tools. ↔️ 上偏差 − 下偏差Dimensional Tolerance 尺寸公差带计算器由上偏差与下偏差求公差大小，辅助零件尺寸公差设计，适合机械制图与公差配合校核。Dimensional Tolerance - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Metrology tools. 👥 不同操作者间差异Gauge Reproducibility 输入多名操作者各自测量同一零件的平均值，取其均值极差除以系数 d₂* 得到再现性 σ_o。用于评估不同操作者之间的人为读数差异，是测量系统分析的关键指标。Gauge Reproducibility - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Metrology tools. 📏 分辨率不确定度Resolution Uncertainty 分辨率不确定度计算器求数字显示末位分辨力引入的不确定度，适合电子仪表与数显设备的测量不确定度评定。Resolution Uncertainty - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Metrology tools. 🥞 合成不确定度Combined Uncertainty 合成不确定度计算器将各独立不确定度分量按平方和开方合成，适合测量系统总不确定度评定与检测报告溯源。Combined Uncertainty - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Metrology tools. ⭕ 圆度误差Roundness Deviation 输入圆周上若干测点的半径值，取最大半径与最小半径之差作为圆度误差的近似（最小区域法）。用于轴类、轴承、精密回转件的圆度形位公差检测。Roundness Deviation - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Metrology tools. ↗️ 扩展不确定度Expanded Uncertainty 输入合成标准不确定度与包含因子k，按 U = k×u_c 计算扩展不确定度，用于给出测量结果的可信区间。Expanded Uncertainty - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Metrology tools. 🥞 最坏情况累积Tolerance Stackup Worst 输入线性尺寸链中各组成环的公差（可正可负），取各环公差绝对值之和得到最坏情况累积公差。用于保守地评估装配间隙或干涉，确保极端偏差下仍能装配。Tolerance Stackup Worst - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Metrology tools. ⬜ 最高点 − 最低点Flatness Deviation 输入平面上若干测点的高度测量值，取最高点与最低点之差作为平面度误差的近似（最小区域法）。适用于机加工零件、大理石平台、量具的平面度质检与来料验收。Flatness Deviation - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Metrology tools. 🔁 极差法 R̄/d₂Gauge Repeatability 输入同一操作者多次重复测量同一零件所得读数，按极差法用平均极差 R̄ 除以 d₂ 系数求得重复性标准偏差 σ_r。用于测量系统分析（MSA）中量化量具自身的随机波动。Gauge Repeatability - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Metrology tools. ✅ 标准器 + 重复性Calibration Uncertainty 校准不确定度合成计算器，输入标准器引出的不确定度与重复性观测不确定度，按方和根合成得到扩展不确定度，用于计量校准报告，纯前端。Calibration Uncertainty - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Metrology tools. ❌ 由乘积型变量的相对不确定度求合成相对不确定度Uncertainty Propagation Product 输入变量 x1、x2 及其标准不确定度 u1、u2，求相对合成不确定度。Uncertainty Propagation Product - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Metrology tools. 🎚️ 由偏倚与标准差求偏移修正能力指数Measurement Cgk 输入上下规格限、测量均值 x̄ 与标准差 s，按 Cgk = min(USL−x̄, x̄−LSL) / (3·s) 计算考虑偏倚的能力指数。用于衡量测量系统既准（无偏）又精（波动小）的程度。Measurement Cgk - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Metrology tools. 🎚️ 由公差带与测量标准差求测量能力指数Measurement Cg 输入被测特性的上规格限 USL、下规格限 LSL 与测量过程标准差 s，按 Cg = (USL − LSL) / (6·s) 计算测量能力指数。用于评估量具分辨能力是否满足公差带要求（一般要求 Cg …Measurement Cg - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Metrology tools. 📉 由前后两次测得值与时间差求漂移率Drift Rate 漂移率计算器由前后两次测得值与时间间隔求测量系统的漂移率，评估仪器稳定性，适合计量期间核查与设备维护。Drift Rate - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Metrology tools. ➗ 由各分量不确定度与自由度求有效自由度Effective Dof Welch 输入各不确定度分量u_i与对应自由度ν_i，按Welch-Satterthwaite公式求合成有效自由度ν_eff，用于测量不确定度评定。Effective Dof Welch - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Metrology tools. 🛡️ 由扩展不确定度求单侧 95% 保护带Guard Band 95 输入校准或测量的扩展不确定度 U（含包含因子 k），按 GB = 1.65·U 计算 95% 置信下的单侧保护带。用于合格判定时在规范限内侧预留安全余量，降低误判风险。Guard Band 95 - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Metrology tools. 💯 由标准不确定度与测得值求相对不确定度Relative Uncertainty 输入标准不确定度 u 与测得值 x，按 u_rel = u / |x| 计算相对不确定度（无量纲比值）。适用于需要以百分比形式表达测量精度的场合，如报告相对扩展不确定度。Relative Uncertainty - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Metrology tools. ∑ 由样本标准差与测量次数求 A 类标准不确定度Std Dev Type a 输入样本标准差 s 与独立测量次数 n，按 u_A = s / √n 计算 A 类标准不确定度（统计评定法）。用于由重复观测数据评定测量结果的不确定度分量。Std Dev Type a - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Metrology tools. 💯 由测得值与参考值求相对偏倚Bias Percent 相对偏倚计算器由测得值与参考值求相对偏倚百分比，评估测量偏差的相对水平，适合计量确认与仪器性能评价。Bias Percent - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Metrology tools. ➖ 由测得值与参考值求绝对偏倚Bias Absolute 绝对偏倚计算器由测得值与参考标准值求绝对偏倚 x−x_ref，评估测量系统偏差，适合计量校准与检测设备准确度分析。Bias Absolute - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Metrology tools. ⚖️ 由测量标准差与公差带求精度公差比Precision Tolerance Ratio 输入测量标准差 s 与零件公差带 Tol，按 PTR = 6·s / Tol 计算精度公差比。用于评价量具精度相对于公差的占比，PTR < 0.1 表示测量设备足够精细。Precision Tolerance Ratio - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Metrology tools. 💯 由测量系统误差与公差求 %GRRGrr Percent 输入测量系统误差 GRR（重复性与再现性合成）和零件公差带宽度，计算 %GRR = GRR / 公差 × 100%。用于判断测量系统是否可接受：通常 <10% 优秀，>30% 需改进。Grr Percent - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Metrology tools. ➕ 由灵敏系数与分量标准不确定度求合成不确定度Uncertainty Propagation Sum 输入灵敏系数 c1、c2 与各分量标准不确定度 u1、u2，求合成不确定度。Uncertainty Propagation Sum - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Metrology tools. #️⃣ 由零件变差与测量误差求可区分类别数Ndc Number 输入零件间变差 PV 与测量系统误差 GRR，按 NDC = 1.41 × PV / GRR 求可区分的零件类别数。用于判断测量系统能否分辨出不同零件：NDC ≥ 5 才算有效。Ndc Number - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Metrology tools. 📊 类不确定度Type a Uncertainty A 类标准不确定度计算器，基于对同一量的多次重复观测，用贝塞尔公式求实验标准差与平均值标准不确定度，用于测量不确定度评定，纯前端。Type a Uncertainty - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Metrology tools. 💯 量具重复再现分析GRR Research (% GRR ) 量具重复再现分析（GRR）工具评估测量系统中量具重复性与操作再现性占比，判断测量系统是否可接受，适合质量工程与六西格玛。GRR Research (% GRR ) - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Metrology tools.