🧱 材料科學工具

🧪 體積模量（K = E / (3(1−2ν))）Bulk Modulus 體積模量計算器依據 K=E/[3(1−2ν)] 由彈性模量與泊松比求材料抗均勻壓縮能力，適合材料力學與固體物理中的彈性引數換算。Bulk Modulus - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Materials Science tools. 🧪 剪下模量（G = E / (2(1+ν))）Shear Modulus 剪下模量計算器依據 G=E/[2(1+ν)] 由彈性模量與泊松比求材料剪下模量，適合材料力學引數換算與結構分析。Shear Modulus - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Materials Science tools. 🧪 回彈能（U_r = σ_y² / (2E)）Modulus Resilience 回彈能計算器依據 U_r=σ_y²/(2E) 求材料在彈性範圍內單位體積吸收的能量，適合材料韌性評估與緩衝設計。Modulus Resilience - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Materials Science tools. 🧪 複合材料混合法則計算器Rule of Mixtures 複合材料混合法則計算器按各組分體積分數加權估算複合材料的密度、模量等等效效能，適合複合材料設計與效能預測。Rule of Mixtures - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Materials Science tools. 🧪 密度（ρ = m / V）Density Calculate 密度計算器依據 ρ=m/V 由質量與體積求材料密度，支援常用單位，適合材料選型、配比計算與物理化學實驗資料處理。Density Calculate - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Materials Science tools. 🧪 工程應變（ε = (L − L₀) / L₀）Engineering Strain 工程應變計算器依據 ε=(L−L₀)/L₀ 求標距長度的相對變化，適合材料拉伸試驗與變形分析中的應變指標計算。Engineering Strain - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Materials Science tools. 🧪 拉伸力（F = σ·A）Tensile Force Area 拉伸力計算器依據 F=σA 由許用應力與截面積求構件可承受的拉力，適合材料強度校核與連線件設計。Tensile Force Area - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Materials Science tools. 🧪 楊氏模量（E = σ / ε）Youngs Modulus 楊氏模量計算器依據 E=σ/ε 由應力與應變之比求彈性模量，適合材料拉伸試驗與剛度評估中的彈性引數確定。Youngs Modulus - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Materials Science tools. 🧪 橫向應變（ε_lat = −ν·ε_long）Poisson Lateral 在縱向受拉或受壓時，輸入軸嚮應變與泊松比，按 ε_lat = −ν·ε_long 計算橫向應變，反映材料橫向收縮或膨脹規律。Poisson Lateral - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Materials Science tools. ∑ 由 K 與 G 反推彈性模量Young from Kg 輸入體積模量K與剪下模量G，按 E = 9KG/(3K+G) 反算彈性模量E，用於在已知其他模量時求楊氏模量。Young from Kg - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Materials Science tools. 📦 由三向主應變求和體積應變Volumetric Strain 體積應變計算器依據 ε_v=ε_x+ε_y+ε_z 由三向主應變求體積應變，適合彈塑性變形與岩石土體體積變化的分析。Volumetric Strain - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Materials Science tools. 🔥 由傅立葉定律求熱流率Fourier Conduction 輸入導熱係數k、傳熱面積A、溫差ΔT與壁厚L，按 q = k·A·ΔT/L 計算穩態熱流率，用於隔熱與散熱設計。Fourier Conduction - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Materials Science tools. 🔀 由剪應力與剪下模量求剪應變Shear Strain 輸入剪應力τ與剪下模量G，按 γ = τ/G 計算剪應變，用於構件受剪變形與扭轉工況下的分析。Shear Strain - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Materials Science tools. 💿 由壓痕載荷與直徑求布氏硬度Brinell Hardness 輸入試驗載荷F、壓頭直徑D與壓痕直徑d，按 BHN = 2F / [πD(D−√(D²−d²))] 計算布氏硬度值，用於金屬材料硬度檢測。Brinell Hardness - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Materials Science tools. 🌡️ 由厚度、導熱係數與面積求熱阻Thermal Resistance 輸入厚度L、導熱係數k與面積A，按 R_th = L/(k·A) 計算熱阻，用於多層隔熱結構傳熱分析。Thermal Resistance - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Materials Science tools. 💨 由導熱係數、密度與比熱求熱擴散率Thermal Diffusivity 輸入導熱係數k、密度ρ與比熱容c，按 α = k/(ρ·c) 計算熱擴散率，表徵材料內部溫度變化的快慢。Thermal Diffusivity - compare online, free and clear. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Materials S... 🔌 由應力與彈性模量求應變能密度Elastic Energy Density 輸入應力σ與彈性模量E，按 u = σ²/(2E) 計算單位體積的彈性應變能密度，用於材料儲能能力與疲勞分析。Elastic Energy Density - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Materials Science tools. ⚡ 由應力強度因子求斷裂韌度Fracture Toughness 輸入幾何因子Y、工作應力σ與裂紋半長a，按 K_IC = Y·σ·√(πa) 計算應力強度因子，評估含裂紋構件的斷裂安全性。Fracture Toughness - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Materials Science tools. 🗜️ 由彈性模量與泊松比求體積模量Bulk Modulus E Nu 輸入彈性模量E與泊松比ν，按 K = E / [3(1−2ν)] 計算材料的體積模量，表徵材料抵抗均勻壓縮變形的能力。Bulk Modulus E Nu - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Materials Science tools. ∑ 由彈性模量與泊松比求拉梅常數Lame Lambda 輸入彈性模量E與泊松比ν，按 λ = Eν/[(1+ν)(1−2ν)] 計算拉梅第一常數λ，用於彈性力學本構關係分析。Lame Lambda - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Materials Science tools. 🔀 由橫向與軸嚮應變求泊松比Poisson Ratio Calc 輸入橫向應變ε_lat與軸嚮應變ε_ax，按 ν = −ε_lat/ε_ax 反算材料的泊松比，用於材料力學引數測定。Poisson Ratio Calc - calculate online, free and accurate. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Materia... ↕️ 由線膨脹係數求伸長量Linear Thermal Expansion 輸入線膨脹係數α、原長L與溫差ΔT，按 ΔL = α·L·ΔT 計算材料受熱後的伸長量，用於熱脹補償與配合設計。Linear Thermal Expansion - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Materials Science to... 🌡️ 由質量與比熱容求熱容Specific Heat Capacity 熱容計算器依據 C=m·c 由質量與比熱容求物體熱容，適合熱力學、換熱設計與實驗中的熱量估算。Specific Heat Capacity - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Materials Science tools. 🧪 真實應變（ε_t = ln(L / L₀)）True Strain 真實應變計算器依據 ε_t=ln(L/L₀) 用自然對數定義大變形下的應變，適合金屬塑性加工與有限元分析中的真實應變換算。True Strain - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Materials Science tools. 🧪 維氏硬度（HV = 1.854·F / d²）Vickers Hardness 輸入維氏壓痕對角線長度d與試驗力F，按 HV = 1.854·F/d² 計算維氏硬度值（F換算為kgf），用於硬度檢測。Vickers Hardness - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Materials Science tools. 🧪 質量（m = ρ·V）Quality Calculate ( Density ) - Quality Calculator : m = ρ· V , Input Density and Volume 質量計算器（密度法）依據 m=ρV 由密度與體積求物體質量，適合材料估算、配料計算與工程物理量換算。Quality Calculate ( Density ) - Quality Calculator : m = ρ· V , Input Density and Volume - free online tool. 🧪 軸嚮應變（ε = σ / E）Hooke Strain 線上彈性範圍內輸入應力與彈性模量，按 ε = σ/E 計算軸嚮應變，用於材料受拉受壓時的變形量估算。Hooke Strain - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Materials Science tools. 🧪 重度（γ = ρ·g）Specific Weight 重度計算器依據 γ=ρg 由密度與重力加速度求單位體積重量，適合岩土、材料與結構工程中的重力荷載估算。Specific Weight - free online tool. Free online tool on ToolBox — 100% client-side, no data uploaded, no install. Part of the Materials Science tools.