结合能 BE = Δm × c²;质量亏损 Δm =(Z × m_质子 + N × m_中子)− m_核,其中 Z 为质子数、N 为中子数、A = Z + N;因表中常给出原子质量,计算时以氢原子质量替代质子质量,即 Δm = Z × m_氢 + N × m_中子 − m_原子;单位换算 1 u = 931.494 MeV/c²,故 BE(MeV) = Δm(u) × 931.494;结合能越大表示核子结合越牢固。
Find the energy released when nucleons bind into a nucleus, from mass defect times c². For nuclear physics learning and nuclear reaction energy assessment.