Apply the exponential law N = N₀e^(−λt) to find remaining nuclei from an initial amount, decay constant and elapsed time. For nuclear physics and activity metrology.
随时间衰减的原子核数目。
| Item | Formula / Note | Source / Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Decay law | N(t) = N₀e^(−λt) | R&S 1902 |
| Differential form | dN/dt = −λN | Decay equation |
| Activity | A = λN | Nuclear physics |
| Half-life | T₁/₂ = ln 2 / λ | Decay kinetics |
| Statistical nature | Random process, Poisson statistics | Nuclear statistics |
| Decay chains | Bateman equations for chains | Bateman 1910 |
Constants used on this page and their authoritative sources, for verification and citation
| Constant | Value | Unit | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Natural logarithm of 2, ln 2 | 0.6931471805599453 | — | Mathematical constant (exact) |
| Avogadro constant N_A | 6.02214076e23 | mol⁻¹ | SI defining constant (exact) |
| Atomic mass constant (1 u) | 1.66053906660e-27 | kg | CODATA 2018 |
Note: exponential decay N = N₀·e^(−λt) with T½ = ln2/λ applies to a single radionuclide; consult the IAEA live chart of nuclides for nuclide-specific half-lives.