結合能 BE = Δm × c²;質量虧損 Δm =(Z × m_質子 + N × m_中子)− m_核,其中 Z 為質子數、N 為中子數、A = Z + N;因表中常給出原子質量,計算時以氫原子質量替代質子質量,即 Δm = Z × m_氫 + N × m_中子 − m_原子;單位換算 1 u = 931.494 MeV/c²,故 BE(MeV) = Δm(u) × 931.494;結合能越大表示核子結合越牢固。
Find the energy released when nucleons bind into a nucleus, from mass defect times c². For nuclear physics learning and nuclear reaction energy assessment.