Infer the mortality rate q from the survival probability p.
已知年生存率 p,死亡率 q = 1 − p。
| Item | Formula / Rule | Source / Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Death and survival | q = 1 − p; death and survival probabilities within the same year of age are complementary | China Life Insurance Mortality Table (2010-2013) |
| Frequency basis | q = d / l, deaths in the year of age over lives at the start, bounded on [0, 1] | China Life Insurance Mortality Table (2010-2013) |
| Exponential conversion | Under a constant force of mortality, p = e−μ, so the survival probability follows from the force | Bowers et al. 1997, Actuarial Mathematics, Ch. 3 |