Enter particle mass m and temperature T; compute the thermal de Broglie wavelength λ = h/√(2πmkT) to judge when a gas becomes quantum-degenerate, for Bose-Einstein condensation analysis.
输入质量 m、温度 T,求热德布罗意波长。
| Item | Formula / Note | Source / Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Thermal de Broglie wavelength | λ_th = h/√(2πmk_BT) | Statistical mechanics |
| Degeneracy criterion | Quantum when nλ_th³ ≳ 1 | Quantum statistics |
| Typical values | Room-temp electron ≈4.3 nm | Statistical calculation |
| Classical limit | Classical when much smaller than spacing | Correspondence principle |
| BEC relevance | Condensation at comparable spacing | BEC theory |
| Units | Length, m or nm | SI units |
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热德布罗意波长 λ_db=h/√(2π·m·k_B·T):温度为 T 时粒子表现波动性的特征波长。
当粒子间距接近 λ_db 时出现量子简并(如玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚、费米气体);常温重粒子 λ_db 极小,经典近似成立。