Compute the Rayleigh diffraction-limited angular resolution of an optical system.
由波长与孔径直径,按 θ = 1.22λ/D 计算光学系统最小可分辨角。
| Item | Formula / Note | Source / Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Rayleigh criterion | θmin = 1.22·λ ÷ D for circular apertures | Rayleigh 1879 |
| Human eye limit | Eye diffraction limit ≈0.4–1.4 arcmin for 2–7 mm pupils; 1 arcmin is the practical norm | Visual-optics research |
| Telescope aperture | Resolution scales inversely with aperture; 100 cm ≈1.4 arcsec at 550 nm | Standard astronomical optics |
| Microscope NA | d = 0.61λ ÷ NA; oil-immersion NA≈1.4 reaches ≈0.24 μm | Abbe diffraction limit |