Diffraction Grating Calculator

Apply the grating equation to find diffraction angles for a given wavelength and order.

📐 计算公式

光栅方程 d·sinθ = m·λ（d 为光栅常数、m 为衍射级次、λ 为波长）；最大级次满足 m ≤ d/λ

由光栅常数、衍射级次与波长，按 d·sinθ = mλ 计算衍射角。

光栅常数 d (nm)

衍射级次 m

波长 λ (nm)

📌 计算说明

📚 深度解析：光栅衍射计算

一级衍射

光栅 500 线/mm → 常数 d=1/500mm=2μm；λ=550nm、m=1 → sinθ=550e-9/2e-6=0.275 → θ≈16.0°。

级次上限

同栅 λ=550nm 下 sinθ=m·0.275≤1 → m 最大 3 级；更高级次 sinθ>1 不存在。

Item	Formula / Note	Source / Standard
Grating equation	d(sinθm + sinθi) = mλ for transmission gratings	Standard grating equation
Dispersive power	dθ/dλ = m ÷ (d·cosθ); higher orders disperse more	Grating dispersion formula
Resolving power	R = λ/Δλ = m·N with N the total grooves	Rayleigh criterion applied to gratings
Blazed gratings	Blaze angle concentrates energy into a chosen order, 80%+ efficiency	Blazed-grating design principles

光栅方程计算器