y = y₀ + g₁x + (g₂−g₁)x²/(2L)。
y = y₀ + g₁x + (g₂−g₁)x²/(2L)。
| Item | Formula / Note | Source / Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Parabolic vertical curve | y = x² ÷ (2R) with x from the start and R the vertical-curve radius | JTG D20-2017 vertical-curve design |
| Tangent length | T = R × (i1 − i2) ÷ 2 using algebraic grades | Vertical-curve element formulas |
| Minimum radius | Crest R≥V²/395, sag R≥V²/132 (V in km/h, SSD-controlled) | JTG D20-2017 Table 8.5 |
| Sight-distance check | Crest curves limited by stopping sight distance; use code table values | JTG D20-2017 sight-distance clauses |