圆曲线中点弦垂距计算器

Middle Ordinate from Radius and Deflection

Compute the middle ordinate of a circular curve from its radius and deflection angle.

📐 计算公式
圆曲线中点垂距(本页代码口径,圆心角按度输入先化弧度):M=R×(1−cos(Δ÷2))(m);联动量:曲线长 L=R×Δ、外距 E=R×(1÷cos(Δ÷2)−1)。校验:无强校验,空值按 0 兜底。判据:无固定分级,M 与 E 随圆心角增大而增大,各项均保留 3 位小数。

输入圆曲线半径 R 与转角 Δ(度),求中点垂距。

Formula & Standard References

Item Formula / Note Source / Standard
Middle ordinate M = R · ( 1 - cos(Delta/2) ), where Delta is the deflection angle JTG D20-2017, Design Specification for Highway Alignment
Relation to the chord M = R - sqrt( R^2 - (C/2)^2 ), where C is the chord length JTG D20-2017, Design Specification for Highway Alignment
Use The middle ordinate serves detailed curve setting-out by deflection or offset methods JTG D20-2017, Design Specification for Highway Alignment
Versus external distance The middle ordinate runs from chord midpoint to curve; the external distance runs from the intersection point JTG D20-2017, Design Specification for Highway Alignment
📌 计算说明
  • 用于曲线偏角法放样。
  • 100×(1−cos30°) → 13.40 米。

📚 深度解析:圆曲线中点弦

💡 常见使用场景

中点弦
R=200m、Δ=60° → M=R(1−cos(Δ/2))=200×(1−cos30°)=200×0.13397≈26.8m,即交点到曲线中点的垂距。
放样
由 JD 沿分角线量 E 得曲线中点 QZ,或量 M 校验,与 T/L 配套。

❓ 常见问题(FAQ)

中点弦和半径?
M=R(1−cos(Δ/2)),Δ 越大 M 越大,反映曲线越弯。
E 和 M 区别?
E 是交点到 QZ 的斜距(沿分角线)、M 是垂距,E>M 因含切向分量。