Estimate sodium, potassium and other electrolyte losses from sweat volume and exercise duration, and give fluid and replenishment advice for endurance-sport protection.
运动中钠随汗液丢失：钠丢失量(mg)=出汗量(L)×汗钠浓度(mmol/L)×23（钠原子量）。折算食盐=钠÷0.393（食盐含钠39.3%）。同时建议补液量≈出汗量×1.5，分次补充以维持水盐平衡。
| Item | Formula / Note | Source / Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Sweat composition | sweat sodium varies widely between several hundred and over a thousand mg per litre | ACSM position stand |
| Sodium replacement | replace sweat volume multiplied by sodium concentration | ACSM position stand |
| Fluid ceiling | do not exceed sweat losses, overdrinking risks hyponatraemia | ACSM position stand |
电解质（丢失）补充。体育竞技工具，帮助计算与分析运动数据。