Use the Gaussian thin-lens formula to find image distance, magnification, or focal length.
输入物距与焦距,按 1/f = 1/u + 1/v 计算像距与放大率,并判断实像/虚像。
| Item | Formula / Note | Source / Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Thin-lens equation | 1/f = 1/u + 1/v with real-positive sign convention | Gaussian lens formula |
| Magnification | m = v/u = image/object height; m>0 upright, <0 inverted | Magnification definition |
| Newtonian form | x·x' = f² measured from focal points | Newtonian imaging form |
| Imaging regimes | u>2f reduced real, =2f equal, f<u<2f enlarged real, u<f virtual upright | Standard imaging rules |