Compute the maximum drawdown from peak and trough prices.
输入区间价格峰值与谷值,求最大回撤。
| Item | Formula / Rule | Source / Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Drawdown formula | Maximum drawdown = (peak − trough) / peak, the worst decline over the window | Magdon-Ismail & Atiya 2004, IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks 15(4) |
| Calmar ratio | Calmar ratio = annualised return / maximum drawdown, pairing return with worst-path loss | Young 1991, California Managed Accounts, Calmar ratio |
| Sample dependence | Longer windows raise the chance of extreme drawdowns, so comparisons need a common horizon | Magdon-Ismail & Atiya 2004, IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks 15(4) |