Enter the orbital magnetic quantum number m_l; compute the orbital magnetic moment μ = μ_B·m_l (in Bohr magnetons μ_B), illustrating orientation moments for atomic magnetism and Zeeman effect.
输入磁量子数 m_l,求轨道磁矩(以 μ_B 为单位)。
| Item | Formula / Note | Source / Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Spin magnetic moment | μ = −g_s(e/2m_e)S | Dirac theory |
| g-factor | g_s ≈2.002319 electron | CODATA 2018 |
| Bohr magneton | μ_B = 9.274×10⁻²⁴ J/T | CODATA 2018 |
| Anomalous moment | (g−2)/2 ≈1.16×10⁻³ QED | QED precision test |
| Nuclear magneton | μ_N = μ_B/1836 | NMR fundamentals |
| Applications | Basis of ESR, NMR, MRI | Magnetic resonance |