Compute the orbital angular momentum of an electron from the principal quantum number n using the simplified L = n·ℏ relation, useful for atomic-physics and quantum-mechanics exercises.
输入量子数 n,求轨道角动量。
| Item | Formula / Note | Source / Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Orbital angular momentum | L = √(l(l+1))·ħ | Angular momentum theory |
| Azimuthal quantum number | l = 0,1,…,n−1 | Atomic physics |
| z-component | L_z = m_l ħ | Space quantisation |
| Spin | S = √(s(s+1))·ħ, electron s = 1/2 | Uhlenbeck & Goudsmit |
| Total angular momentum | J = L + S coupling | Coupling theory |
| Selection rules | Δl = ±1, Δm = 0,±1 E1 | Spectroscopic rules |
工作与生活中的相关计算与查询。
轨道角动量大小 L=√(l(l+1))·ℏ,l 为角量子数(0,1,2,…);其 z 分量取值 m_l·ℏ(m_l=−l…l)。量子化使角动量不取连续值。
用于原子壳层、光谱项与磁量子数分析;l 决定亚壳层形状(s/p/d/f)。
结果为标准量子力学模型;具体体系还需结合自旋与耦合方案。