Calculate the magnification ratio of a close-up setup from focal length, extension and minimum focus distance.
1:1 表示成像与实物等大。
| Item | Formula / Rule | Source / Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Magnification notation | m = image size ÷ subject size, so 1:1 is life size, 1:2 half size and 2:1 double | ISO 12231:2012 Photography — Vocabulary |
| Frame coverage | Covered width = sensor width ÷ m, so full frame covers 36 mm at 1:1 | ISO 12231:2012 Photography — Vocabulary |
| Working distance | The minimum focus distance includes the flange distance, so the front-element gap is shorter | Kingslake, Optics in Photography, SPIE Press, 1992 |