Grade placental maturity (Grannum 0-III) by gestational age and assess preterm or post-term placental aging.
| Item | Formula / Rule | Source / Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Grade 0 appearance | The chorionic plate is flat and the placental substance homogeneous, without calcific foci. | Grannum PA et al. 1979, American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology |
| Grade II appearance | The chorionic plate shows indentations, the basal layer has linear echoes, and the substance contains scattered echoes. | Grannum PA et al. 1979 |
| Grade III appearance | Indentations reach the basal layer forming circular calcifications, indicating placental maturation. | Grannum PA et al. 1979 & AIUM obstetric ultrasound practice parameter |
Grannum 分级通过超声观察绒毛膜板、胎盘实质和基底板的形态特征,将胎盘成熟度分为 0~III 级。