d = √[(Δx)²+(Δy)²+(Δz)²]。
d = √[(Δx)²+(Δy)²+(Δz)²]。
| Item | Formula / Note | Source / Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Spatial distance | D = sqrt( ΔN^2 + ΔE^2 + ΔH^2 ) | GB 50026-2020, Code for engineering surveying |
| Relation to horizontal distance | D^2 = S^2 + ΔH^2, where S is the horizontal distance | GB 50026-2020, Code for engineering surveying |
| Coordinate consistency | Both points must share the same coordinate system and height datum | GB 50026-2020, Code for engineering surveying |
| Use | Used for setting-out checks and 3D point deviation assessment | GB 50026-2020, Code for engineering surveying |