Compute Young's modulus E = σ/ε as the ratio of stress to strain for tensile testing and stiffness evaluation.
由应力与应变之比求弹性模量。
| Item | Formula / Note | Source / Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Young's modulus | E = sigma / epsilon, the ratio of normal stress to normal strain | Timoshenko SP, Gere JM, Mechanics of Materials |
| Hooke law | sigma = E · epsilon within the linear elastic range | Hooke R. (1678), De potentia restitutiva, or of Spring |
| Units | The unit is Pa; GPa is common in engineering | ISO 80000-4:2019, Quantities and units - Part 4: Mechanics |
| Meaning for stiffness | A larger E gives less elastic deformation under the same stress | Timoshenko SP, Gere JM, Mechanics of Materials |