Compute allowable tensile force F = σA from allowable stress and cross-sectional area for strength checking and connection design.
给定应力与截面积求可承受的拉力。
| Item | Formula / Note | Source / Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile force | F = sigma · A, where sigma is the tensile stress and A the original cross-section | Timoshenko SP, Gere JM, Mechanics of Materials |
| Definition of stress | sigma = F / A, expressed in Pa (N/m^2) | ISO 80000-4:2019, Quantities and units - Part 4: Mechanics |
| Engineering versus true stress | Engineering stress uses the original area; true stress uses the instantaneous area | Timoshenko SP, Gere JM, Mechanics of Materials |
| After necking | After necking the area is no longer uniform, so true stress is required | Timoshenko SP, Gere JM, Mechanics of Materials |